Growing Smarter:
Guidelines for Low Impact Development

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT (LID)
Section 1.1 The Pontchartrain Basin
Section 1.2 Development Trends in the Pontchartrain Basin
Section 1.3 Smart Growth
Section 1.4 Balancing Development Pressures
Section 1.5 The Low Impact Development Approach
Section 1.6 Goals of the LID Approach
Section 1.7 Challenges to Using LID
Section 1.8 How to Use This Book
Section 1.9 References

CHAPTER 2: SITE ASSESSMENT, PLANNING, & LAYOUT
Section 2.1 Site Assessment
Section 2.2 Site Planning & Layout
Section 2.3 Site Planning & Design Practices
  2.3.1 Site Fingerprinting
  2.3.2 Cluster Development
  2.3.3 Keep Natural Areas
  2.3.4 Conservation Subdivisions
Section 2.4 On-lot Impervious Surfaces
  2.4.1 Frontage and Setback Requirements
  2.4.2 Sidewalk Standards
  2.4.3 Driveway Standards
Section 2.5 Residential Street and Right-of-Way Impervious Surfaces
  2.5.1 Street Pavement
  2.5.2 Alternative Roadway Layout
  2.5.3 Street Right-of-Ways
  2.5.4 Queuing Streets
  2.5.5 Alternative Cul-de-Sac Designs
  2.5.6 Parking Lots
  2.5.7 Alternative Pavements
  2.5.8 Xeriscaping Techniques
Section 2.6 References

CHAPTER 3: HYDROLOGIC ANALYSIS
Section 3.1 Introduction
Section 3.2 Overview of Key Hydrologic Principles
  3.2.1 Precipitation and Design Storm Events
  3.2.2 Rainfall Abstractions
  3.2.3 Runoff
  3.2.4 Time of Concentration
  3.2.5 Groundwater Recharge
  Section 3.3 Summary of Comparison between Conventional and LID
Stormwater Management Approaches
Section 3.4 LID Hydrologic Considerations
  3.4.1 Runoff Volume Control
  3.4.2 Peak Runoff Rate Control
  3.4.3 Flow Frequency/Duration Control
  3.4.4 Water Quality Control
Section 3.5 LID Hydrologic Tools
Section 3.6 LID Hydrologic Evaluation
  3.6.1 LID Hydrologic Evaluation Steps
Section 3.7 Hydrologic Evaluation Techniques
  3.7.1 Hydrologic Simulation Program - Fortran (HSPF)
  3.7.2 Storm Water Management Model (SWMM)
  3.7.3 Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS)
  3.7.4 TR-55/TR-20
  3.7.5 Rational Method
Section 3.8 LID Hydrologic Illustrations
  3.8.1 LID Runoff Volume and Peak Flow Management
  3.8.2 Determination of LID Runoff Curve Number
  3.8.3 Maintaining the Pre-development Time of Concentration
Section 3.9 References

CHAPTER 4: INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (IMPs)
Section 4.1 Conventional Stormwater Management
  4.1.1 Conveyance Systems
  4.1.2 Collection Systems
  4.1.3 Alternatives to Conventional Systems
Section 4.2 Selecting IMPs
  4.2.1 Steps to Identifying and Selecting IMPs
Section 4.3 Designing IMPs
  4.3.1 Bioretention
  4.3.2 Dry Wells
  4.3.3 Filter Strips
  4.3.4 Vegetated Buffers
  4.3.5 Wetlands
  4.3.6 Level Spreaders
  4.3.7 Grassed Swales
  4.3.8 Infiltration Trenches
Section 4.4 Monitoring
Section 4.5 References

CHAPTER 5: EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL
Section 5.1 Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans (SWPPPs)
Section 5.2 Erosion and Sediment Control Steps
Section 5.3 Techniques to Minimize Site Disturbance
Section 5.4 References

CHAPTER 6: SITE MANAGEMENT & MAINTENANCE

GLOSSARY

APPENDIX A: Example Low Impact Development Hydrologic Computation
APPENDIX B: Additional Information Sources
APPENDIX C: Green Parking Fact Sheet
APPENDIX D: Porous Pavement Fact Sheet
APPENDIX E: Alternative Pavers Fact Sheet
APPENDIX F: Sample Maintenance Covenant